| Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish) | |||||
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| Anthem: "Somos libres, seámoslo siempre" (Spanish) "We are free, may we always be so" |
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| Capital (and largest city) |
Lima 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W |
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| Official languages | Spanish1 | ||||
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| Ethnic groups | 45% Amerindian, 37% Mestizo, 15% White, 3% Black, Asian[1] | ||||
| Demonym | Peruvian | ||||
| Government | Presidential republic | ||||
| - | President | Alan García | |||
| - | Vice President | Luis Giampietri | |||
| - | Prime Minister | Yehude Simon | |||
| - | President of Congress | Javier Velásquez | |||
| Independence | from Spain | ||||
| - | Declared | July 28, 1821 | |||
| - | Consolidated | December 9, 1824 | |||
| - | Recognized | August 14, 1879 | |||
| Area | |||||
| - | Total | 1,285,220 km2 (20th) 496,222 sq mi |
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| - | Water (%) | 8.80 | |||
| Population | |||||
| - | July 2008 estimate | 29,180,900[2] | |||
| - | 2007 census | 28,220,764 | |||
| - | Density | 22/km2 (193rd) 57/sq mi |
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| GDP (PPP) | 2008 estimate | ||||
| - | Total | $245.883 billion[3] | |||
| - | Per capita | $8,580[3] | |||
| GDP (nominal) | 2008 estimate | ||||
| - | Total | $127.598 billion[3] | |||
| - | Per capita | $4,452[3] | |||
| Gini (2002) | 54.6 (high) | ||||
| HDI (2006) | ▲0.788 (medium) (79th) | ||||
| Currency | Nuevo Sol (PEN) |
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| Time zone | PET (UTC-5) | ||||
| Drives on the | right | ||||
| Internet TLD | .pe | ||||
| Calling code | 51 | ||||
| 1 | Quechua, Aymara and other indigenous languages are co-official in the areas where they are predominant. | ||||
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